Milling-machine dynamometer.



n y R. POLIAKOFF. MILLING MACHINE DYNANIOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.I4,198.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.

masas.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

R. PoLlAKoFF.

. MILLING MACHLNE DYNAMOMETER.

I APPLICTIQN EILED FEB. M 1918. .I

Patnted oet. 1, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N l N R. POLIAKOFF.

MILLINGMACHINE DYNAMOMETEB.

, ArPucATioN man rEB.1`4,19xra. 1552810,

.Patented oct. 1, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3 H. PUUAKOFF.

M|LL|NG MACHINE DYNAMOMETER.

APPLICATION HLED. kFEB. 14, 1918.

Patented Oat. 1, 1918-.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

R. PULtAKOFF.

M|LL|NG MACHINE D'YNAMOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.14.1918.

1,280,538. 'I Patented ()0t.1,1918.s

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

y parrain erratas assunse.

raranr chiusa V:aoiUvIMi-i POLIAKOFF, or NEW YORK', N. Y.

. To all 'whom t may concern:-

Be it known that I, ROUVIME PoLrAKoFF,

a. citizen of Russia-residing at New York,

in the countyh of New lYork and State of Neu'fYork, haveinvented'certain new and' usefulA Improvements in 'Milling-:MachineDynamometers; and .I do hereby declare enable others skilled yi'nthe artto which it appe'rtains to make and use the same.

.The present invention relates to improvements in milling machinedynamometers,

and has -for its object themeasuring of the 'cutting pressures that themilling cutter exerts on the work, and through the work on the variousparts of the milling machine for the purpose of ascertaining suchpressures for use in determining thestrength required of the millingmachine parts.

In `the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and inwhich similar reference, symbols indicate corresponding parts intheseveral views:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a dynamometer constructed inaccordance with the present invention, and with parts cut away. Fig. 2is a top plan view of the same wi h one-of the gages shown in section. v

Fig. 3ds a vertical sectional view taken on F ig.- 4 is a crosssectional the line 4-4 in Fig. f2. Fig. 5 is' another cross sectionaltaken on the line 5-5 in Fig. 2'.

Fig. 6 is a side elevational View of the foundation plate andappurtenant parts.

AFig. 7 is a side elevational View of the carriage.

view taken on view Fig. 8 is asimilar view ofthe dynamometer table; landFig. 9 is a side elevational view .of a detail.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 designates a table orwork holder adapted to receive thev work upon which the milling tool isto operate. End bearings'2 and 3,'and an intermediate-bearing 4 thereon,provide for mounting the 'work table 1 for oscillating movement aboutthe shaft 5. Pins 6 and 7 pass through end bearings 8 and 9, formed on acarriage 10, and the ends of the shaft 5 to hold such shaft againstrotation and relative endwise movement in said bearings. A-ball thrustbearing 1l is interposed between the bearings MILLING-MACHINEnYNAMoMErER.

2 and 8'as shown` clearlyv in Figs. 1 and '3, for transmitting axial,movement from the table' 1 to the carriage 10 for a purpose here'-inafte'r described The carriage l0 is also provided with-intermediatebearings 12 and 13 fitting about said shaft for the purpose of steadyingy and lessening thev vibration thereof during the operation. v

Adjacent the bearings 8 and 9. on the carriage 10 are'other end bearings14 and 15, and in--alinement with such end bearings are alsointermediate bea'rn 16-a1id-17;

such bearings receiving a sha 18 journaled to rock in bearings 19, 20and 21 on a foundation 'plate 22. `Pins 23 serve to lock the carriage 10and shaft 18 against relative Specicaton of Letters Patent.

l Pitented 04311. 1, lgg. Application led February 14, 1918. Serial No'.21d-7,091,

rotation and cause said shaft 18 to be rocked in the bearings p19', 20and 21 when the carriage l0 is oscillated. Openings 24 are made in thefoundation plate 22lto receive bolts 25-which appear in Figs. 4 and 5,and which serve to vconnect said foundation plate to the T-slots in thetable vof the milling machine Which is represented -at26.

A gage, designated generally at A, 'is composed, in 'the instance shown,of a plunger 27 fitted -to'move in a cylinder or box 28 and havingconnected thereto a diaphragm 29, the outer edge of` which is heldagainst the top of the box 28 by a ring 30.

Shoulders 31, formedl on rods 32, bear against said ring 30, and causethe ring to bind tightly on the outer edge fof the diaphragm 29 byreason of the pressure exerted 90 thereon by nuts S3-threaded on theends of the rods 32 whichproject through the cylinder or box28; forwhich'see Fig., 2.

The cylinder or box 28- is in communicavtion withy a'pressure gage withdial (not shown.) y y a connection made through an opening 34 appearingin Fig. 1.

Perforated lugs 35 are yprovided on the bearing 19 vto receive the otherends 'of the rods 32 to form a support for the gage and to "hold thecylinder or box 28 thereof stationary. spindle 36,"fadjustable through aturn buckle 37, is provided with the concal ends 3 8 and 39 engagingcorrespondingly Shaped sockets in the centers of the plunger 27 andshaft 18, respectively. Such spindle 36 is'adapted to receive theendwise thrust of the shaft 18 and communicate such thrust'to 'theplunger 27 whereby the pressure of the thrust may be registered on thedial carried by the gage box 28.

An upstanding ange 40l on the table 1 provided with spaced andvertically elongated perforations 41, is disposed near to`a similarupstanding llange 42 on the carriage 10 havin similar elongatedperforations 48 in alinement with said perforations 41, lthe edges ofthe perforations beingv preferably concave, as indicated at 44. Rods 46by a connection 48.` The plunger of the through a perforation made inthe arm or gage B is connected by an adjustable spindle 49, havingpreferably conical ends, with the flange 4() on the table 1;V saidspindle 49 passing through a vertically elongated opening 50 made in theupstanding flange '42 of the carriage 10 midway between the perlforations 43. p

Convex shoulders 51 on the rods 45 bear at one side inthe concave edgesof the per-,-

able spindle 49 bears on the opposite' sideA of said ange 42. There arealso convex shoulders 53 held by nuts 54 threaded on the ends of therods l45 against the concave edges 44 of the perforations 41 in' theflange 40. The relative movement between the table 1 and carriage10,'occasioned by the rocking of the table about the shaft 5, will causethe rods 45 to be drawn through'the perforations 48 of the ange 42.,while the convex shoulderl 52 holds the spindle '49 stationary; so thatthe box 46 of the gage B will be compressed on the plunger anddiaphragm-and cause vthe fluid therein to pass upthr'ough the connection48 and actuate the indexorv pointer of the `gage 47, which will show thedegree ofthis relative movement. i

The foundation plate 22 in Fig. 6 is shown providedwith an arm or plate55, which extends diagonally therefrom, for which see Fig. 5, and is suplied with perforations 56 to receive rods 5g attached to the cylinderor box 58 of a third gage C. This gage is of any suitable type, beinghere shown similar in`construction to the gage A above/de-l scribed andhaving the plunger 59 and the diaphragm `60, together with a dial and index 61 and 62, respectively, communicating with the box 58-through theconnection 68. A similar adjustable spindle 64 is connected to thecenter of the plunger 59 and passes plate 55. Both the rods 57 andadjustable A spindle 64 connect ina manner which'will now be readilyunderstood with a second armor platel 66 having the perforations 67 andthe socket 68.

Bearings 69 on the plate or arm 66 are fitted to loosely rock on theshaft 18 and carry therewith other arms 70 extending at substantiallyright angles vto the plate 66, and being formed with bearings 71 to beloosely received over the shaft 5. The plate 66, arms 70, and thebearings 69 and' 71 i form, in effect, a lever which is rockedVconsequent upon the depression of the table 1.

`bearing 2O on the foundation plate 22, and

having its other end in engagement with one of the bearings 69 on theplate 66 in order to hold such plate fixed 'when 'the shaft 18 isshifted axially. Y

thereupon placed on the auxiliary table 1A of the dynamometer and madefast thereto by T-headed bolts similar to the bolts 25.

'The work and milling cutter `are then brought together and eration. f

theltool put into`op- The resultant motion of th'e cutting tool and theresultant pressure exerted thereby on the work upon the table 1 may beresolved into three components, each one being at right angles to theother two.

Referring to Fig. 5, the horizontal arrow a pointing in the right handdirection, indicates the direction of one ofsuch components; and thevertical'arrow y pointing downwardly through the table 1, indicates asecond component. thirdl component is designated by the'arrow .e in Fig.3 pointing in the left hand direction The resultant pressure imposed bythe cutting tool on the work is adapted to` be split up into its threecomponents by my improved dynamometer, and the degree of the pressure ineach component direction singly registered on separate gages so that itmay be quickly and` accurately determined with the aid of thesepressures known as to what strength will be required of-all parts of themilling machine framework. The pressure exerted in the direction 'of thearrow ai in Fig.

The operation of the in'ventionis substanl '105 The direction of thelthe table 1 'will d raw its flange 40 away from the flange 42 on thecarriage 10 and draw the rods 45 and gage boX 46 connected thereto in amanner to cause the liquid therein to be driven up through theconnection 48 and into the dial 47 in an amount proportionate to theamount of the pres` sure exerted. The index on the dial 47 willconsequently'- be moved to a corresponding .extent toindicate the degreeof such pressure.

`Referring to'l the component exerted by the cutting tool on the workthe directionv o f the arrow 1/ in lFig. 5, the pressure exf' erted4thereby on the table throughthe work` .will cause the table 4todescend, carrying therewith the bearings 71'and rocking the plate 66about the shaft 18.- As the plate 66 is moved away from the plate or arm55 .on the foundationplate 22, the rods 57 of the gage C will cause thecompression of 'the gage box 58 on the plunger 59, driving the fluidtherein up through the connection 63 to. the dia-l 61. The amount ofthispressure' will be indicated. by theposition of the index 62. Thepressure exertedin the di rec'tionof the arrow z in Fig. 3, will operateto shift the table l carrying the work longitudinally;4 Thislongitudinal f move- 'ment will be communicated to the carriage 10through the .thrust bearing 1l and pins 6 and, and in turn, by reason ofthe fast connection with the shaft 18 of thejcarriage 10 made by thepins 23, such shaft 18 will Y be axially shifted in the bearings 19, 20and 21 of the foundationI plate 2,2. When so moved the shaft 18 willdrive before it the tures, except as may be required by the claims.` i

I claim:

l. In-combination with a milling machinehaving the usual-table', of adynamometer including van auxiliary table for receiving the workoperated upon by the milling tool and adapted to move in response to thepressure exerted upon the work by such mil-l# ing tool, means wherebysaid auxiliary table l may be supported from the milling machine table,and a gage in operative relation to4 said table for registering thedegree of the pressure imposed by the cutting 'tool on the worktransmitted through said table, substantially as described.

i 2. In combination with a milling machine having the usual table, of .adynamometer including an auxiliary table for receiving the work operatedupon bythe cutting tool and adapted to .be moved in different directionsin response to the different pres'- sures exerted' -by the cutting toolon thework, means whereby said auxiliary table may be supported from themilling machine table, and gages for separately registering thedifferent' movements of said table to in- ,dcate the degree ofthepressure transmitted from the cutting tool, substantially asy described.

3. A dynamometer forJ milling machines including a table for 'receivingthe workoperated upon by thecutting tool and being .movable in responseto the three component tilting movement of such table to register thelpressure' of the cutting `tool upon the work, substantially asdescribed.

5. A` dynamometer for milling machines includinga depressible table forholding the work operated upon by the milling cutter and adapted to bedepressed in response to the pressure imposed by the cutting tool onsuch work, and a gage arranged to be aii'ected by the depression of saidtable 'to regislter the pressure of the cuttingv tool on th vwork,substantially as described. r

6. In combination witha milling machine `having the usualtable, of adynamometer including an auxiliary table for holding the work operatedupon by the milling cutter and adapted to be translated iniresponse tothe pressure exertedupon the work by such milling cutter, means wherebysuch auxiliary table may be supported from said milling machine table,and a gage affected by the translation of said table -to register thepressure of the cutting tool on the work, substantially as describe 7. Adynamometer for milling machines including a tiltable and depressibletable for holding the work operated upon by the milling cutter, a gagearranged' to be affected by the tilting movement of the table toregister the pressure of the cutting tool in one direction, and a secondgage arranged to be affected-by the/depression of said table whereby toregister the pressure of the cutting tool in` a second direction,substantially as-,described 8. A dynamonieter for milling machinesincluding a table for holding the work operated upon by the millingcutter and adapted to be oscillated and translated by differentcomponents of the pressure exerted bythe ranged to be separatelyaffected by the oscillating and translating movement of said table toindependently register the separate components of the milling cutterpressure, substantially as described.

. 9. A dynamometer for. milling machines including a table for receivingthe work operated upon by the milling cutter and -milling cuttery on thework, and gages ar. i

adapted to be 4depresseid and translated by Adifferent components-of thepressure exerted by the millin cutter on ythe-work, and

gages arranged to ve separately affected by work operated upon by thecutting tool and' adapted to be depressed'- and translated in responsetovarious components ofthe pressure imposed by the' cutting tool o n thework and 'ga'es arranged to be 4independently affected y the rocking,depression and` translation of said table to separately register thevarious components of the cutting tool resultant pressure, substantiallyas described. Y

11. Incombination 'with a milling machine table, of a dynamometerincluding a base adapted to be removably attached to said millingmachine table, and a work holder supported for movement-on said base andarranged to receive the pressure exerted by the milling cutter on suchwork, and means in connection with said work holder for registering thedegree of movement thereof', substantially as described.

12. In combination with a milling machine table, of a dynamometerincluding a base adapted to rest on the milling machine table, meansfor` firmly and removably securing said base to said table, a workholder mounted on said base and adapted to execute a variety ofmovements, and v gage means arranged' in connection with said workholder and adapted to -bel affected consequent upon the movementsexecuted by said work holder, substantially as"` described.

13. AA dynamometer for milling machines including a base, a shaftsupported from said base, a work holder journaled to oscillate` on saidshaft, and a gage connected to said work holder for measuring the osciljlating movement thereof, substantially vas described.

14. In combination Ywith a milling machine table, of a dynamometerincluding a base, means for firmly and removably secur ing said base tosaid table, a shaft ournaled on said base, a work holder arranged-to besupported from said lshaft and to have va depressible movementVthereabout, and aA gage adapted to beacted upon whenthe work holder` isdepressed to indicate the degree lof the depression, substantially asdescribed.

15. In combination with a `milling machine having the usual table, of adyna mometer including a base, means for iirmly and removably securing'said base to said table, an axially movable shaft supported by saidbase, a work holder connected to move said shaft, and a gage acted uponby said shaft toindicate the degree of movement thereof, substantiallyas described.

16. A dynamometer for milling machines including a base adapted forattachment to the milling machine, an axially shiftable shaft supportedby said base, a work holder adapted to oscillate about said shaft and toimpart axially `shifting movement thereto, a gage for measurin thedegree of the axial movement of said s aft, and asecond gage formeasuring thejdegree of the oscillating movement of said work holder,substantially as described.

17. A dynamometer for milling machines ingluding a= base adapted forattachment to the milling machine, a shaft journaled on said base,ai'work holder, asecond shaft sup-` porting said work holder for tiltingmovement thereabout, means-for supporting said said first-named shaft, agage formeasuring sisr ` second shaft for'oscillating movement aboutthe'tilting movement of said work holder -v about said second shaft, anda separate gage for indicating the movement of said work holderoccasioned by the oscillation of said second shaft about saidfirst-mentioned shaft,

substantially as described.

18. A dynamometer for milling machines including a base adapted forattachment to -the milling machine, an axially 4mov-able shaft journaledon said base, a second shaft supported for oscillation about saidfirstnamed shaft, a work holder having a tilting' movement about saidsecond-named shaft and a downward movement when said second shaftoseillates about said first-mentioned shaft, a gage for measuring theaxial movement of said first-named shaft, a Separate gage for measuringthe tilting moveriage, and means for measuring the simultaneousoscillating movement of the work holder and carriage, substantially asdescribed.

'20. A dynamometer for milling machines including a base adapted forattachment to the milling machine, a longitudinally shiftable andoscill'atable carriage mounted on said base, a work holderlongitudinally shiftable and oscillatable in `accompaniment to saidcarriage and having an independent rocking movement with reference tosaid carriage,v a gage foi` measuring the longitudinal movement of saidcarriage and work holder, a second gage for measuringthe oscillatingmovement of said carriage and holder oscillating with sald carriage andsecond named shaft and having an independent rocking movement about saidsecond named shaft, and separate gages for measuring the oscillating androcking movement of said work holder, substantially as described.

22. A dynamometer for milling machines' including a base, a carriagesupported on said base, a work holder having an independent rockingmovement with respect`t0 said carriage, flanges upon said carriage andwork holder, and a gage connected to said flanges for measuring therocking movement of said work holder, substantially as described.

23. A dynamometer for milling machines including a base, a plate on saidbase, a work holder having an oscillating movement with reference ltosaid base, a second plate mounti ed adjacent said first-named plate andadapted to be shifted with respect thereto 'when said work holder isoscillated, and a gage connected between said plates for measuring themovement of said Work holder, substantially. las described.

24. A dynamometer for milling machines `including a base, a plate onsaid base, a car-v riage mounted for oscillating movement on said base,a workholder oscillating with and having an independent rocking movementwith respect to said carriage, flanges on said carriage .and workholder, a gage connected between said flanges for measuring theindependent rocking movement of said work holder, a movable platemounted opposite said first-named plate a gage connected `between saidplates, an means connecting said movable plate to be shifted when thetable oscillates together with said carriage, substantially asdescribed.

25,. A dynamometer for milling machines including a base,` a rotatableand axially shiftable shaft journaled on said base, a carriage fixed tooscillate andmove axially with said shaft, offset bearings on saidcarriage, a second shaft fixed against rotation and .axial movement in'said bearings, a work holder mounted to rock aboutv said secondnamedshaft and to oscillate with said carriage about said first-named shaft,and gages for measuring the several movements executed by said workholder and carriage, substantially as described. f

In testimony whereof, I aix my signature.

ROUVIME POLIAKOFF.

